Half-Bridge Driver

Behavioral model of half-bridge driver integrated circuit

• Library:

• Simscape / Electrical / Semiconductors & Converters

• 

Description

The Half-Bridge Driver block provides an abstracted representation of an integrated circuit for driving MOSFET and IGBT half-bridges. The block models input hysteresis, propagation delay, and turn-on/turn-off dynamics. Unless modeling a gate driver circuit explicitly, always use this block or the Gate Driver block to set gate-source voltage on a MOSFET block or gate-emitter voltage on an IGBT block. Do not connect a controlled voltage source directly to a semiconductor gate, because this omits the gate driver output impedance that determines switching dynamics.

The Half-Bridge Driver block has two modeling variants, accessible by right-clicking the block in your block diagram and then selecting the appropriate option from the context menu, under Simscape > Block choices:

• PS input — The driver output state is controlled by a physical signal input u. Use this variant if all of your controller, including PWM waveform generation, is determined by Simulink^® blocks. This modeling variant is the default.

• Electrical input ports — The driver output state is controlled by two electrical input connections, PWM and REF. Use this variant if your model has upstream analog components, such as the Controlled PWM Voltage source.

The first pair of output electrical ports, HO and HS, behave in the same way as the G and S ports of the Gate Driver block. Connect these ports to the high-side MOSFET or IGBT of the half-bridge. The second pair of ports, LO and LS, connect to the low-side MOSFET or IGBT of the half-bridge. They behave in a similar way, except that their logic is inverted with respect to that of the high side.

The diagram shows the timing properties for the half-bridge driver, where:

• t_pLH is low-side propagation delay when the input logic goes from 0 to 1.

• t_dLH is high-side dead time when the input logic goes from 0 to 1.

• t_pHL is high-side propagation delay when the input logic goes from 1 to 0.

• t_dHL is low-side dead time when the input logic goes from 1 to 0.

Faults

You can insert a fault into one or both of the outputs at a specified simulation time. The fault options are:

• Fail input fixed at logic 0

• Fail input fixed at logic 1

• Fail high side off

• Fail high side on

• Fail low side off

• Fail low side on

• Fail high and low sides off

• Fail high and low sides on

Ports

Input

u — Control signal, unitless

physical signal

Input physical signal that specifies the input control value.

Dependencies

Enabled for the PS input variant of the block.

Conserving

PWM — Pulse-width modulated signal

electrical

Electrical conserving port associated with the pulse-width modulated signal.

Dependencies

Enabled for the Electrical input ports variant of the block.

REF — Floating zero volt reference

electrical

Electrical conserving port associated with the floating zero volt reference.

Dependencies

Enabled for the Electrical input ports variant of the block.

HO — High-side gate connection

electrical

Electrical conserving port associated with the gate on the high side of the half bridge. Connect this port to the gate of a MOSFET or IGBT block.

HS — High-side source or emitter connection

electrical

Electrical conserving port associated with the source or emitter on the high side of the half bridge. Connect this port to the source of a MOSFET block or the emitter of an IGBT block.

LO — Low-side gate connection

electrical

Electrical conserving port associated with the gate on the low side of the half bridge. Connect this port to the gate of a MOSFET or IGBT block.

LS — Low-side source or emitter connection

electrical

Electrical conserving port associated with the source or emitter on the low side of the half bridge. Connect this port to the source of a MOSFET block or the emitter of an IGBT block.

Parameters

Input Logic

Logic 1 input value — Signal value for logic 1

0.7 (default)

Value of the input signal corresponding to the logic 1 level.

Dependencies

Enabled for the PS input variant of the block.

Logic 0 input value — Signal value for logic 0

0.3 (default)

Value of the input signal corresponding to the logic 0 level.

Dependencies

Enabled for the PS input variant of the block.

Logic 1 input voltage — Voltage value for logic 1

2.0 V (default)

Value of the input voltage corresponding to the logic 1 level.

Dependencies

Enabled for the Electrical input ports variant of the block.

Logic 0 input voltage — Voltage value for logic 0

0.8 V (default)

Value of the input voltage corresponding to the logic 0 level.

Dependencies

Enabled for the Electrical input ports variant of the block.

Outputs

On-state gate-source voltage — Demanded output voltage for on state

15 V (default)

Demanded output voltage when the driver is in on state.

Off-state gate-source voltage — Demanded output voltage for off state

0 V (default)

Demanded output voltage when the driver is in off state.

Timing

Low-side propagation delay (logic 0->logic 1) — t_pLH in timing diagram

50 ns (default)

Low-side propagation delay when the input logic goes from 0 to 1.

High-side dead time (logic 0->logic 1) — t_dLH in timing diagram

100 ns (default)

High-side dead time when the input logic goes from 0 to 1.

High-side propagation delay (logic 1->logic 0) — t_pHL in timing diagram

50 ns (default)

High-side propagation delay when the input logic goes from 1 to 0.

Low-side dead time (logic 1->logic 0) — t_dHL in timing diagram

100 ns (default)

Low-side dead time when the input logic goes from 1 to 0.

Dynamics

Parameterization — Select driver parameterization

Output impedance (default) | Rise and fall times

Select the type of driver parameterization:

• Output impedance — Specify on-state and off-state gate drive resistances.

• Rise and fall times — Specify rise time, fall time, and load capacitance.

On-state gate drive resistance — Demanded output voltage for on state

2 Ω (default)

Demanded output voltage when the driver is in on state.

Dependencies

Enabled when the Parameterization parameter is set to Output impedance.

Off-state gate drive resistance — Demanded output voltage for off state

2 Ω (default)

Demanded output voltage when the driver is in off state.

Dependencies

Enabled when the Parameterization parameter is set to Output impedance.

Rise time — Driver rise time

20 ns (default)

Driver rise time from 10% to 90%.

Dependencies

Enabled when the Parameterization parameter is set to Rise and fall times.

Fall time — Driver fall time

20 ns (default)

Driver fall time from 90% to 10%.

Dependencies

Enabled when the Parameterization parameter is set to Rise and fall times.

Load capacitance for rise and fall times — Driver load capacitance

10 nF (default)

Driver load capacitance.

Dependencies

Enabled when the Parameterization parameter is set to Rise and fall times.

Faults

Enable faults — Select Yes to enable faults modeling

No (default) | Yes

Select Yes to enable faults modeling. The associated parameters in the Faults section become visible to let you specify time to fail and the failure mode.

Simulation time for fault event — Time before entering faulted state

1 s (default)

Set the simulation time at which you want the block to enter the faulted state.

Dependencies

Enabled when the Enable faults parameter is set to Yes.

Failure mode — State of driver after failure

Fail input fixed at logic 0 (default) | Fail input fixed at logic 1 | Fail high side off | Fail high side on | Fail low side off | Fail low side on | Fail high and low sides off | Fail high and low sides on

Select the driver state after the failure.

Dependencies

Enabled when the Enable faults parameter is set to Yes.

Model Examples

Buck Converter

Model a switching power supply that converts a 30V DC supply into a regulated 15V DC supply. The model can be used to both size the inductance L and smoothing capacitor C, as well as to design the feedback controller. By selecting between continuous and discrete controllers, the impact of discretization can be explored.

Extended Capabilities

C/C++ Code Generation
Generate C and C++ code using Simulink® Coder™.